Update:
(from Tues, 6/30) I started up my UV sterilizer with a new bulb, and made a filter bucket that works on gravity/siphon. I don't know how effective the bucket thing is but the more gunk I can siphon out, the better. I had to clean all the pumps again as they just fill up with gelatinous goo. The skimmer started working again once I cleaned out the pump and as of this morning (7/1) the water was actually a little clearer than it had been and there didn't seem to be as much goo coating everything. During the initial 24 hours it seemed like I could clean off the glass and in a few hours it would be coated again.
Here is a video of the bucket thing, I hope...