Phosphate actually binds to calcification areas and that is how it inhibits the growth of organisms that require calcium deposition. If you have had phosphate issues for a while, then your (most likely) rock and coral structures are acting like a sink and storing phosphate that was previously in excess. So now you have a reservoir of phosphate that you need to get rid of. And your tank is pretty mature.
The tank is a delicate balance and all components are in equilibrium.
You removed a lot of phosphate from the water column. That allows the bound phosphate to be released into the water to maintain the equilibrium.
So what's my point. Patience. Keep running the GFO and change the GFO out frequently (maybe daily for the first week if you can swing that) to keep it active. Soon enough phosphate will be removed so that the equilibrium will be established at a low level.