Glowing fish?

[Gatortailale]

News article

 

Glowing fish? When pigs fly, state says

Fish and Game keeps ban on sales of gene-altered pets

 

Mark Martin, Chronicle Sacramento Bureau   Thursday, December 4, 2003

 

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Sacramento -- A state commission on Wednesday denied a Texas company's plan to sell genetically altered, glow-in-the-dark fish in California pet stores, calling fluorescent fish an example of science gone wrong.

 

The decision by the state Fish and Game Commission makes California the only state to ban GloFish, which will be available for aquariums in the rest of the country next month. Despite conclusions from several scientists that the new breed of fish posed little threat to the state's natural resources, three of four commissioners said genetically engineered pets are simply too scary to endorse.

 

"At the end of the day, I don't think it's right to produce a new organism just to be a pet,'' said Commissioner Sam Schuchat. "What's next? A pig with wings?''

 

Schuchat said he consulted with his rabbi about the ethics of the genetic engineering before coming to his decision.

 

The ban is the latest round in a continuing battle in California over genetically engineered fish, referred to as transgenic fish. It's a dispute that's only happening here: No other state in the country has rules like California's that prohibit modified fish. The federal government also has no guidelines.

 

Austin, Texas-based Yorktown Technologies has spent the past two years tinkering with zebra- fish, common in a lot of fish tanks, to turn them into Glo- Fish. The fish are injected with either green or red fluorescent proteins;

 

their spawn become intensely bright under a black light.

 

The idea was first developed by a university in Singapore that is developing a fish that will glow in the dark if it encounters toxins. It's called an environmental monitoring fish.

 

Over protests from environmentalists and commercial fishing groups, the company hoped to convince the commission Wednesday for an exemption to the state's ban on transgenic fish.

 

It presented written testimony from scientists concluding that if a GloFish made its way from a tank to the wild, it would not survive and would not be toxic to predators.

 

"These are tropical fish,'' said Ed Pert, chief of the fisheries branch of the state Department of Fish and Game, noting that zebrafish have been sold in California pet stores for 50 years and have never survived outside of homes.

 

Pert and other state officials had recommended the commission allow the company to sell its product.

 

Alan Blake, the company's president, told the commission he expected the GloFish to be a hot seller, noting it had made the front page of the New York Times and the cover of Tropical Fish Hobbyist magazine.

 

Afterward, Blake said he was disappointed the commission seemed to put personal preferences ahead of scientific evidence.

 

"It's unfortunate that the consumers of California won't be able to make their own decisions,'' he said.

 

The commission's decision is a big blow to the company. California consumers buy 25 million fish for aquariums every year and comprise more than 10 percent of the national market.

 

Michael Flores, the lone commissioner to support the company's plan, noted anyone who wanted the fish will be able to acquire them in Arizona or Nevada.

 

But environmentalists said the risk is too great that the altered fish could someday wreak havoc on the state's environment. Aquariums are the second biggest contributor to non-native fish species making their way into California streams and lakes.

 

"Why should we take the risk for something so trivial as a pet,'' said Rebecca Spector, West Coast director of the nonprofit Center for Food Safety.

 

And several commissioners said they saw no reason to OK a mutated fish that had no medical or research value. Earlier in the meeting, the commission did allow a permit to produce transgenic zebrafish that will be used for research.

 

But commissioners warned that if they allowed red or green fish, more requests would likely come.

 

"Welcome to the future,'' Schuchat said. "Here we are, playing with the genetic bases of life.''

 

E-mail the writer at markmartin@sfchronicle.com.

[michaelg]

BTW-

The green fluorescent protein was first isolated from Jellyfish.

The red flourescent protein- from Riccordia.

 

Both are now mainstream tools in cell biology.

The zebra fish is the "lab rat" for fish largely due to the translucent nature of the fish during embryogenesis which makes it ideal for developmental and genetic studies.  It was chosen and pioneered largely by a drosophila (fruit fly) genetisist.